Травма Шоа в мемуарах Марти Горен (Вінтер) Донечка, про яку ми завжди мріяли. Історія Марти

Abstrakt

In this paper, the author emphasises that the events of the twentieth century, in particular the Holocaust, are (post) traumatic not only for a particular nation but for humanity in general. Any denials only confirm the deep collective and cultural footprint of the horrific experience the mankind has gone through. An attempt is made here to analyse the memories of Martha Goren (Winter) by using the psychological concepts of M. Hirsch, C. Caruth, J. Lacan, D. Laub, R.J. Lifton, D. Taylor, Sh. Felman, S. Freud. The author, who was born in Chortkiv in 1935 in the family of a Jewish lawyer and pharmacist, tells the readers of her experience in the face of horrors of the Holocaust. According to the article’s author, the writing is one of the most effective ways to find release because the victim’s becoming the author enables her to distance herself from the experiences as she contemplates a time of horrific events. By using the technique of exact writing, Martha Groen avoids descriptions of her own feelings and emotions. Thus, one of the important post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms is a defence mechanism that shuts down an emotion (the so-called numbness effect). A number of problems that the Jewish girl has encountered in her life are identified in the text: self-identity problems, the survivor syndrome, and the post-traumatic stress disorder. All of these collective and cultural traumas overlapped and amplified each other.